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Underlying pathologies in pediatric stroke
domized treatment studies, which could include the devel- opment of stroke recurrence prediction models. Such studies should be focused on prevention of recurrent stroke in sub- populations of pediatric patients with the highest risks of recurrent AIS. In addition, from the data reported here, prediction models could be derived combining non-moy- amoya vasculopathy with the presence of multiple throm- bophilic risk factors of interest. On the background of regional differences with respect to prevalence rates of thrombophilic risk factors across study populations, the
numbers need to screen to detect carriers at risk will allow investigators to power future pediatric stroke trials ade- quately. It is important to keep in mind, however, that (i) antithrombotic and/or antiplatelet therapy may also have a significant impact on the risk of AIS recurrence in chil- dren, and (ii) up to now, due to the lack of randomized controlled trials, pediatric stroke treatment modalities are recommended on the basis of low-level evidence.21-25 Further efforts must be made to address the latter issue, as well.
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