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H. Schonewille et al.
pared to exposure to the same antigens not previously exposed to as NIMAs.
Ray Owen and colleagues concluded their 1954 publica- tion on the grandmother theory with these words: “Presentation of this hypothesis here, on the basis of admittedly limited data, is justified by the hope that oth- ers in a position to test it will be encouraged to do so.”1
Acknowledgments
The authors express their special thanks to all families who participated in the LOTUS study.
The LOTUS study group is a consortium of Sanquin and the Leiden University Medical Center departments of Immunohematology and Blood transfusion, Obstetrics and Neonatology.
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